The Mysteries of the Human Brain Scientist Explained
It is mentioned in the Holy Qur'an that there are eighteen thousand creatures in the world. The human being is Ashraful Makhlukat i.e. the supreme being. Philosopher and priest St. Augustine said, "Man marvels at the night sky, marvel at the vastness of the sea, but he does not know that he is himself in the universe of universes".
really so We are amazed at how many things are around us. I was surprised to see Niagara Falls. Seeing the sea, I was filled with emotion. Seeing the computer and understanding its workings, I am surprised to see the various technologies of the mobile phone and I always wonder what is going on. Where is the world going? But do not wonder what these people have discovered. In fact, we rarely look at ourselves. Focus on yourself. If I am attentive then I will see what an unprecedented and incomparable creation this human body is.
A building, for example, is made up of many bricks. The human body is made up of many cells. Our body is made up of about 70-100 trillion body cells. Each cell has an extensive network of veins and arteries to deliver nutrients. Each cell has 60,000 miles of blood vessel pipelines to deliver food and oxygen. A powerful pump like the heart that pumps 72 times per minute is working without sleep. Humans pump more than 4.5 billion gallons of blood in their lifetime. Our body is constantly absorbing oxygen from the environment through the lungs and food which is absorbed through the esophagus and delivered to the blood. Finally, food and oxygen reach each cell through the blood. The brain is located inside the skull. The skull is made up of several hard bones. Outside the brain is a 3-layered membrane called the meninges.
The brain weighs 1.5 kilograms. Inside our skull is a liquid called CSF (Cerebrospinal Fluid). The brain floats in this fluid so the weight of the brain seems to be only 50 grams. This does not seem like a burden. Brain cells are called neurons. There are about 100 billion neurons in the brain. Each neuron can be connected to at least 10,000 neurons. If we imagine the brain as a vast sky, the neurons are the stars.
The main part of our brain is called Cerebrum. Right Cerebrum and Left Cerebrum. The left cerebrum controls the right part of the body and the right cerebrum controls the left part of the body. The cerebrum has 4 parts. Each part is called a lobe. The frontal lobe, Parietal lobe, Occipital lobe, and Temporal lobe.
The front part of the Cerebrum is called the Frontal lobe. Controls our daily life of walking, working, talking, executive functions, intelligence, thinking, etc. The parietal lobe controls body sensations. For example, when a place is cut, we feel pain. Then if we catch something with our eyes, we can understand what the thing is? The parietal lobe controls all this.
The temporal lobe helps us balance our body and hear sound with our ear.
The Occipital Lobe controls our vision of the beautiful world through our eyes.
One thing to note is that if I don't want to walk I can sit. I can walk again if I want to walk. It totally depends on my wish. Its name is Voluntary Action. Again, some organs do not depend on will. Such as the heart. The heart starts pumping on its own. It pumps 72 times per minute. The heart will not stop if I say. It is called Autonomic action.
The cerebrum controls voluntary action in humans. Hypothalamus and brain stem control autonomic action. Hypothalamus is inside Cerebrum and Brain Stem is below Cerebrum and in front of the Cerebellum.
The back part of the Brain is called Cerebellum. The function of the cerebellum is to control the balance of the body. The cerebellum plays an important role in controlling the movements we make. If there is any disease in the Cerebellum then the person will not be able to walk and will fall on one side. Can't even get up from sitting. A cord-like organ extends from the Medulla Oblongata to the loins. In medicine, it is called Spinal Cord. Mid Brain, Pons, and Medulla Oblongata together are called Brain Stem.
Inside the Cerebrum is another part called the Limbic System. This system controls human emotions, feelings, love, anger, rage, jealousy, liking, or disliking. If there is any abnormality in the Limbic System then the person is imbalanced. Which is called Schizophrenia in medicine In our common parlance it is called crazy.
Neurotransmitters are chemical liquids. There are types of neurotransmitters like acetylcholine, adrenaline, dopamine, etc. All these chemicals help in the normal functioning of the brain. If these chemicals are overactive, they cause many diseases, and if they are underactive, they cause many diseases. For example, a decrease in dopamine in the brain causes Parkinsonism, which is characterized by numbness in the hands and feet, stiffness in the hands and feet, and difficulty walking. Again, if Dopamine is overactive, Schizophrenia is caused, which we call human imbalanced patients.
The interesting thing is that CT Scan does not detect any abnormality in all those diseases. Because these brain diseases do not have structural problems, only functional problems.
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Hormones are a type of fluid that performs various biological functions in our body. The place where the hormone is secreted is called the gland. There are many glands in different parts of our body and each has its own function. As in the throat, the thyroid gland secretes thyroxine which performs various important biological functions in our body. Above the kidney, there is a gland called Suprarenal Gland. Hormones secreted from here regulate salt and water in our bodies. Some hormones are secreted from Testis in boys and Ovaries in girls which help in forming the individual characteristics of boys and girls. Besides, there are other glands that each have their own function. The interesting thing is that the hormones released from these glands are centrally controlled by the name Pituitary gland or Master gland. This Pituitary gland is located in Barin.
Our brain is called Brain in English. Each cell of the Brain is called Neuron. A cord-like thing emerges from below the brain behind us between the spinal cord and ends at the waist. It is called the Spinal Cord. Neurons spread from the Spinal Cord to the whole body like a net. The brain, Spinal Cord, and all the Neurons of the body together are called the Nervous System. In English, it is called the Nervous System. Neurology is the study, research, and application of knowledge about the Nervous System.
There has been a lot of research in the world about the mind and brain. Dr. Gold Fatin, Dr. John Motil, Dr. Penfind, and Dr. John's extensive research has shown that the mind operates the brain just as a programmer operates a computer. A famous song from the Bangali film "My heart is there in my mind"
But music has some similarities with medical science. In the middle of the chest is the heart which is known as the Heart. But the mind is located in our brain, not in the middle of the chest. The heart also controls this Brain. In short, the brain controls every human organ.
A person is very wise, speaks less, thinks and another person is not so wise and does not think much. The difference between the two is also dependent on the structure of the brain.
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If you look at the brain with the naked eye, you will see many holes and many lanes like high hills. The pit-like areas are medically called Sulcus and the ridge-like areas are called Gyrus. Research has shown that the variation in human intelligence depends a lot on the Sulcus and Gyrus structure.
The brain needs constant blood flow to keep it alive. 3 Arteries play an important role in activating the blood flow in the brain. 3 Arteries are Anterior Cerebral Artery, Middle Cerebral Artery, and Posterior Cerebral Artery. These arteries originate from the heart. The above arteries are divided into fine arteries and blood flows to our brain. For some reason, if the blood vessel is blocked or the blood vessel is torn, the problem of blood flow to the brain is caused, it is called stroke in medicine. Normal blood flow to our brain is 50ml/100g/min. That is, 100g of the brain requires 50ml of blood flow per minute. If for some reason the blood flow is interrupted and the blood flow goes below (18ml/100g/min) then the cells of the brain lose their function but again when the blood flow is normal the neurons regain their function. If for some reason the blood flow drops below (8ml/100g/min) the neurons die and never come back to life.
Our brain is full of miracles. About 100 million pieces of information enter our brain every second through various sensory organs.
Sense organs are the eyes, ears, skin, nose, and tongue. But the brain processes the necessary information and not the rest. This is one of the wonders of our brain. How many net-like neurons are in our brain stem is called reticular formation in medicine. This reticular formation works for traffic control. Selects the necessary information from 100 million information and sends it to Cerebrain and the brain works accordingly.
Research shows the food we eat and the energy it produces. 20% of his energy is used by the brain. The brain generates about 20 watts of electricity per day.
Until now, scientists thought that the number of neurons in the brain when a person is born, then no more neurons are created. Neurons just die for a variety of reasons. But recent studies have shown that new neurons are added to the brain throughout life. The number can be thousands to millions per month. Neuron growth is accelerated by a nutritious diet and exercise.
As we age, our brains shrink. Studies have shown that the number of neurons does not decrease, only the size of neurons decreases. A person's brain weight decreases by 10% in 80 years. In medicine, it is called Senile Atrophy. As a result, people suffer from various problems. Forgetfulness is the most common problem.
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Studies have shown that senile atrophy can be prevented by a nutritious diet, exercise, not smoking, not drinking, and always smiling.
The structure and function of the brain are a big mystery. Einstein could not remember phone numbers and the names of friends. But he discovered the atomic bomb and became known as a world-famous scientist. Isaac Newton and Ibn al-Haytham could not acquire such a certificate by studying. But both are famous geniuses. Ph.D. is being done in different universities with them. The brain is wonderful research is ongoing and research will continue forever.
